Modern warfare is not only physical, it is also psychological, and much of it takes place online via the use of information tactics. The Russian government has long used information and disinformation campaigns to destabilize other countries. Since the Ukraine conflict started, Russia has employed Arabic-language media, including RT Arabic,

Sputnik, and their pages on Facebook, TikTok, and Telegram, to battle the Western and American counter-campaign against Russian official media. This report presents the results of intensive monitoring and analysis of these websites and shows the significant impact that Russian media has had in the Arab world.